Unix List of Basic Commands for QA and Test Engineer

Unix List of  Basic Commands for QA and Test Engineer

File and directory listing Commands

$ ls      command is used for directory and file listing with there permission.

$ ls -l   list files in current directory.

$ ls -a  list hidden files.

Directories commands

$ pwd -command is used for knowing user current working directory or you can say print working directory.

$ cd - similar to DOS cd .it is use to change directory.

$ mkdir - use to create new directory.

$ rmdir - use to remove directory.

File Manipulation commands

$ cat filename - command is use to display file contents without paging.

$ cp source destination - command is use to copy file.

$ mv oldname  newname - command is use to rename file .

$ rm filename - command use to delete file.

$ pico  filename - command use to create or modify file.

$ More filename -List the contents of file pausing after each screen (press Space to continue listing).

$ grep string file-Search file for occurrences of string.

$ less filename - Display filename one screenful.A pager similar to (better than) more.

$ pg filename - View filename one screenfull at atime (a pager).

Special Control Characters

The control characters that have special meanings in a UNIX environment. Denoted by the character ^ followed by a letter, each control character can be generated by holding down Control and pressing the specified letter, then releasing both keys.

^c

Interrupt a process (applicable for most processes); used to halt a process immediately.
Pressing ^c, for example, enables you to stop the listing of a long file. However, if the file is very long, there may be a noticeable time delay before the process is actually interrupted.

^d

Terminate a process; end-of-file marker (EOF). If a process does not have a clean termination command and pressing ^c does not work, try pressing ^d.

^s

Suspend terminal output to your system. To resume terminal output, press ^q. ^s is usually referred to as XON.
To view text a page at a time, use the more command.

^q

Resume terminal output suspended by pressing ^s (see above). ^q is usually referred to as XOFF.

^z

Suspend the foreground process, that is, place the current active program in a paused state.
Type the fg command to reactivate a process in the foreground. A foreground process will usually keep control of your keyboard and terminal.
Type the bg command to reactivate a process in the background. A background process will let you type other commands on the keyboard while it is running in a detached state.

^u

Erase command line.

^w

Erase previous word on a UNIX command line. A word is a string of characters separated by a space or tab.

^r Retype current command line

OTHER COMMANDS
$ print file -Send file to the UNIX laser printer.
$ man command - Display information about command.
$ apropos keyword - List commands/programs that contain keyword in their description.
$ du - List the number of Kbytes for each directory below current working directory.
$ talk username - Interactively communicate with username; username has to be logged-in.
$ finger username - Find the username for username.
$ w - Display current activity on the system.
$ who - Show users that are currently logged-in.
$ tin -  A program to read a collection of newsgroups (new articles arrive daily).
$ help [command] - If specified without command, a brief introduction is listed.If command is specified, help displays the man page for command.
$ pine - Send email through the Internet
$ quota –v - Display disk usage and disk quota. This command does not display your email quota.
$ mydiskspace - Display uhunix disk usage only. This command does not display your email quota.
$ write username - Writes files or text to username.
$ !! - Repeats last command.

Process management
$ kill  - Command use to terminate process.example: kill - 5555
$ nice program name - Command use to run program  with lower priority.Recommended for running background processes.

$ ps - Command use to list no of processes running in a system.
$ top - show (continuously) what process(es) is running.